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Master Clocks and
Time Distribution

Mitchell Janoff
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About the Telechron Master Clock Type A

The Telechron Master Clock Model A represents one of the most sophisticated synchronous electric master clocks ever manufactured. Designed and built by the Warren Telechron Company of Ashland, Massachusetts, this clock was the backbone of time distribution systems in power plants, telephone exchanges, and large institutional buildings during the mid-twentieth century.

Unlike traditional pendulum master clocks, the Telechron Master A uses a synchronous electric motor locked to the 60-cycle (60 Hz) alternating current power grid. This means the clock's accuracy is directly tied to the accuracy of the power grid frequency, which in the United States is maintained to extremely tight tolerances over a 24-hour period. The result is a clock that requires no manual regulation and maintains accuracy indefinitely without adjustment.

The Three-Face Design

One of the most distinctive features of the Model A is its three-dial arrangement:

  • Primary dial -- Displays the current time driven directly by the main synchronous motor. This is the "official" time.
  • Backup dial -- An independent time display that serves as a check on the primary. If the two dials ever disagree, it indicates a malfunction in the drive train.
  • Elapsed time / program dial -- Used for timing events or controlling program tapes that trigger bells, signals, or other timed actions throughout a building.

The Restoration Project

This restoration project involved bringing a Telechron Master A back to full operational condition. The work included:

  • Case restoration -- The original oak case was stripped, repaired, and refinished to its factory appearance. Missing hardware was sourced from period-correct suppliers.
  • Motor servicing -- The synchronous motor was disassembled, cleaned, and inspected. The bearings were checked and lubricated.
  • Dial restoration -- All three dial faces were carefully cleaned and any faded markings were restored.
  • Electrical work -- All wiring was inspected and replaced where deteriorated. The pendulum drive coil for slave clock synchronization was tested and verified.

The final result is a fully operational Telechron Master A that runs accurately on modern 60 Hz power, just as it did when it left the factory decades ago.

Three clock faces -- primary time, backup time, and elapsed time displays Backup dial face, providing redundant timekeeping Rear of the backup dial, showing gear train connections Time of day indicator dial
Three clock faces -- primary time, backup time, and elapsed time displays Backup dial face, providing redundant timekeeping Rear of the backup dial, showing gear train connections Time of day indicator dial
 
Close-up of the primary synchronous motor that drives the clock Another view of the synchronous motor assembly Primary dial face with minute and second markings All three faces visible through the case window
Close-up of the primary synchronous motor that drives the clock Another view of the synchronous motor assembly Primary dial face with minute and second markings All three faces visible through the case window
 
Rear view of the master clock case Side view showing the depth of the oak case Top view of the case construction Lower two dial faces visible through the case door
Rear view of the master clock case Side view showing the depth of the oak case Top view of the case construction Lower two dial faces visible through the case door
 
Case front, lower section with dial access door Original Telechron identification tag Top section of the case Pendulum drive coil for slave clock synchronization
Case front, lower section with dial access door Original Telechron identification tag Top section of the case Pendulum drive coil for slave clock synchronization
 
Full front view of the case before restoration Case back panel Interior access from rear Upper rear door for accessing the motor and drive mechanism
Full front view of the case before restoration Case back panel Interior access from rear Upper rear door for accessing the motor and drive mechanism
 
Inside bottom section with wiring and connectors Right side profile of the case Top door opened to show upper mechanism Restored case -- full front view
Inside bottom section with wiring and connectors Right side profile of the case Top door opened to show upper mechanism Restored case -- full front view
 
Restored case -- front detail Restored case -- side view Restored dials with door open Close-up of the restored dials
Restored case -- front detail Restored case -- side view Restored dials with door open Close-up of the restored dials
 
Restored dials showing clear markings
Restored dials showing clear markings
 

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